Soal Bahasa Inggris Kelas 10 Bab Past Simple and Present Perfect
1. She …. five books so far. (write)The correct complete sentence is ….
A. She wrote five books so far.
B. She has written five books so far. ✓
C. She have written five books so far.
D. She did write five books so far.
E. She has wrote five books so far.
Penjelasan: We use Present Participle because to show that there is a result of the action in the present.
Present Perfect:
- Subject + have/has + past participle (verb 3)
- She + has + past participle
2. The baby … an apple last night. (eat)
The correct complete sentence is ….
A. The baby ate an apple last night. ✓
B. The baby has eaten an apple last night.
C. The baby has eat an apple last night.
D. The baby have eaten an apple last night.
E. The baby has ate an apple last night.
Penjelasan: ‘Last night’ is a time signal for Past Simple. It means that the time period has finished. We also use past simple when the action has finished and it has no connection to the present. “The baby ate an apple last night” is used to just give information about what happen last night.
3. They … yet in Surabaya. (not, arrive)
The right sentence is....
A. They arrive not yet in Surabaya.
B. They didn’t arrive yet in Surabaya.
C. They not arrived yet in Surabaya.
D. They hasn’t arrived yet in Surabaya.
E. They haven’t arrived yet in Surabaya. ✓
Penjelasan: We can infer that they aren’t in Surabaya now. The might be still on their way. So, has the action finished? “They haven’t arrived yet in Surabaya.” Is the correct answer because it shows that they left for Surabaya earlier that time but they are not in Surabaya now. It means that we can see the result of the action they did in the past (left for Surabaya). “(Not) yet” also shows the time signal for Present Perfect.
4. Winda has crashed her car again. The function of the Present Perfect in the sentence is ….
A. to tell a finished action
B. to tell older news
C. to tell recent news ✓
D. to tell an action that started in the past and continue to the
E. to tell a finished action with no result in the present
Penjelasan: When did Winda crash her car? Is the time specific? Does it have a connection with the present? Why do we use Present Perfect? “Winda has crashed her car again.” Is used to tell recent news. We often, but not always, use Present Perfect when we first tell some news and use Past Simple to tell the details about the news. We use Present Perfect because we see the action has a connection with the present or in a period that include the present.
5. Dion: Can you finish your essay tonight? I heard that you lost your laptop.
Aldy: That’s true, but I ... a new one. Don’t worry about that
The correct phrase to complete the dialogue is ….
A. buys
B. has bought
C. bought
D. have bought ✓
E. did buy
Penjelasan: Can you tell when Aldy bought the new laptop? Is the time specific? Is there any connection of what he did in the past with what happens in the present time?
Dion: Can you finish your essay tonight? I heard that you lost your laptop.With this sentence, Aldy wants to express that even though he lost his laptop, but he has a new one, so he can finish his essay. We don’t know when exactly he bought the laptop but we can see the result, which is he can finish his essay (in the present time).
Aldy: That’s true, but I have bought a new one. Don’t worry about that
6. Read the following dialogue.
Gian: The Hunger Games was on TV last night. Did you see it?
Boni: No, I …………………….. (1) (fall, asleep)
Gian: Well, you know what? I ……………….. (2) (see) it twice.
Boni: Really? I didn’t know you love that movie.
The correct phrases to complete the dialogue are ….
A. fell asleep, see
B. fell asleep, saw
C. fell asleep, have seen ✓
D. have fallen asleep, saw
E. have fallen asleep, have seen
Penjelasan: Decide which phrase uses Past Simple and which one uses Present Perfect. Is there any time signal in the dialogue?
The complete dialogue is ….
Gian: The Hunger Games was on TV last night. Did you see it?Boni fell asleep (last night), the action has finished and the time signal shows that.
Boni: No, I fell asleep.
Gian: Well, you know what? I have seen it twice.
Boni: Really? I didn’t know you love that movie.
Gian has seen the movie twice. We don’t know when his first time was.
7. Read the following dialogue.
Linda : Have you had you breakfast?
Roy : Yes, I had my breakfast together with the boys.
Linda : What did you think about Billy?
Roy : He’s changed a lot since the last I saw him. He was thin back then.
Linda : And how did you find Gerry? He asked about you yesterday.
Roy : He didn’t join us. He’s been busy recently.
The phrase that does NOT show a finished action is ….
A. He’s changed a lot since the last I saw him. ✓
B. He was thin back then.
C. I had my breakfast together with the boys.
D. He didn’t join us.
E. He asked about you yesterday.
Penjelasan: “He’s changed a lot since the last I saw him.” shows a time signal “since” which is used in Present Tense. The sentence is also used to state a finished action in someone's life. Roy then explains why he said Billy has changed is because he was thin back then.
8. Listen to the monologue.
The finished action which still has connection to the present is ….
A. She baked it herself.
B. I had to refuse it.
C. My friend offered me a slice of cake just now.
D. She has said that.
E. I’ve already eaten ✓
Penjelasan: She refused the cake because she did something in the past which still has connection to the present. Be careful of option which is not taken from the monologue. Here is the script of the monologue. The underlined words show Present Perfect which is used to tell a finished action which still has connection to the present. My friend offered me a slice of cake just now. She said that she baked it herself. But I had to refuse it because I’ve already eaten. I hope she doesn’t take it personally. “I’ve already eaten” shows that she is still full now.
9. Listen to the dialogue.
The statement of finished action is ….
A. I’ve never been to Bali.
B. Have you ever been to Bali?
C. I still have family there.
D. I lived there in 2001. ✓
E. I really want to go there.
Penjelasan: Pay attention to the time signal. Which statement has finished in the past and has no connection with the present?
Gina : Have you ever been to Bali?“I lived in Bali” is Past Simple. It shows a finished action and specific time signal.
Rina : Of course. I lived there in 2001.
Gina : Really? I’ve never been to Bali. I really want to go there
Rina : I still have a family there. We can stay at their place if you want.
10. Complete the following dialogue.
Riska : Have you seen, Zayn?
Syifa : I think he left about ……………… (1)
Riska : Oh my … Did he ………. (2) something for me?
Syifa : He left a novel on your desk.
Riska : Thank God, I ……………… (3) reading it.
The correct words to complete the dialogue are ….
A. an hour ago, leave, haven’t finished ✓
B. an hour ago, leave, have finished
C. hours ago, leave, haven’t finished
D. an hour ago, left, haven’t finished
E. an hour ago, left, didn’t finish
Penjelasan: Pay attention to which actions have finished and which ones haven’t finished yet. There are both Past Simple and Present Tense in the dialogue. Here is the script of the dialogue.
Riska : Have you seen, Wilman?
Syifa : I think he left about an hour ago.
Riska : Oh my … Did he leave something for me?
Syifa : He left a novel on your desk.
Riska : Thank God, I haven’t finished reading it.
Materi Grammar Review: Past Simple vs Present Perfect
Objectives
- To distinguish between Past Simply and Present Perfect correctly
- To identify the uses Past Simple and Present Perfect correctly
- To determine the correct use of Past Simple and Present Perfect in context
Learn
Read the following conversation.
To answer the girl’s questions the boy uses three tenses, among them are Past Simple and Present Perfect. Can you find them?
“I’ve been to many places” (Present Perfect)
“I visited Komodo Island last month” (Past Simple)
We use each tense in different times. For more understanding, read the following explanation.
We use Past Simple when ….
the action has finished
Today, I woke up at six o’clock.My mother bought some juices from the grocery story.
the time period has finished
I did a lot of assignments last week.Yesterday, my father watched a football match.
the time is specific
I visited my grandmother’s house on Friday.He came to USA in 1998.
giving old information
The accident happened at six o’clock this morning.A car went out of control and hit the traffic light.
We use Present Perfect when ….
the action has NOT finished
I have read the first three chapters of the book. (I haven’t finished reading)I’ve visited your house twice, (but I still can’t find you)
the time period has NOT finished
He has spent a lot of money this month. (This month hasn’t finished yet)He’s stayed in my room the whole day. (The day hasn’t changed)
the time is not specific
I have tried those shoes already.She has been to Sydney.
giving recent news
There has been a burning car in the main street.The Asian-African Conference (AAC) has had its day.
Time Signals
The following are some of time signals to show if the action has finished or not.
Do you understand?
There are two different attitudes about the use of Simple Past vs Present Perfect.If you want to highlight the past event: “What did you do in the kitchen today?” (The question is about activity which is done)
If you want to highlight the result: “What has Sarah done in the kitchen today?” (“Today” shows that Sarah often does something in the kitchen)
If you want to highlight the result: “What has Sarah done in the kitchen today?” (“Today” shows that Sarah often does something in the kitchen)
Keypoints
The use of Simple Past and Present Perfect is rather strict for people from UK. If you give a past time signal, you have to use Simple Past, but if you don’t use any time signal, then you have to choose if the action finished in the past or still has important consequences in the present.